![]() It functioned as a display of commitment to the Party and a declaration of principle to the outside world. In 1926, the Nazi salute was made compulsory for all party members. īy autumn 1923, or perhaps as early as 1921, some members of the Nazi Party were using the rigid, outstretched right arm salute to greet Hitler, who responded by raising his own right hand crooked back at the elbow, palm opened upwards, in a gesture of acceptance. In 1919, when he led the occupation of Fiume, d'Annunzio used the style of salute depicted in the film as a neo-Imperialist ritual and the Italian Fascist Party quickly adopted it. Of special note was the 1914 silent film Cabiria, whose screenplay had contributions from the Italian ultra-nationalist Gabriele d'Annunzio, arguably a forerunner of Italian Fascism. The gesture was further elaborated upon in several early Italian films. A raised arm gesture was then used in the 1899 American stage production of Ben-Hur, and its 1907 film adaptation. In 1892, Francis Bellamy introduced the American Pledge of Allegiance, which was to be accompanied by a visually similar saluting gesture, referred to as the Bellamy salute. The gesture and its identification with ancient Rome was advanced in other French neoclassic art. Jacques-Louis David's 1784 painting Oath of the Horatii displayed a raised arm salutatory gesture in an ancient Roman setting. The extended arm saluting gesture is believed to be based on an ancient Roman custom, but no known Roman work of art depicts it, nor does any extant Roman text describe it. Hitler took both the "Heil" greeting – which was popularly used in his "hometown" of Linz when he was a boy – and the title of "Führer" for the head of the Nazi Party from Schönerer, whom he admired. Schorske as "The strongest and most thoroughly consistent anti-Semite that Austria produced" before the coming of Hitler. It was used by the followers of Georg Ritter von Schönerer, head of the Austrian Alldeutsche Partei ("Pan-German Party") who considered himself leader of the Austrian Germans, and who was described by Carl E. The spoken greeting "Heil" became popular in the pan-German movement around 1900. In Canada and most of Europe (including the Czech Republic, France, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Ukraine, and Russia), displaying the salute is not in itself a criminal offence, but constitutes hate speech if used for propagating the Nazi ideology. In Italy, it is a criminal offence only if used with the intent to "reinstate the defunct National Fascist Party", or to exalt or promote its ideology or members. The use of any Nazi phrases associated with the salute is also forbidden. Use of this salute is illegal in modern-day Germany ( Strafgesetzbuch section 86a) and Austria ( Verbotsgesetz 1947), and is also considered a criminal offence in modern-day Poland and Slovakia. The salute was mandatory for civilians but mostly optional for military personnel, who retained a traditional military salute until the failed assassination attempt on Hitler on 20 July 1944. It was officially adopted by the Nazi Party in 1926, although it had been used within the party as early as 1921, to signal obedience to the party's leader, Adolf Hitler, and to glorify the German nation (and later the German war effort). 'Hail Hitler!', IPA: ( listen)), "Heil, mein Führer!" ('Hail, my leader!'), or "Sieg Heil!" ('Hail victory!'). Usually, the person offering the salute would say " Heil Hitler!" ( lit. ![]() ![]() The salute is performed by extending the right arm from the shoulder into the air with a straightened hand. The Nazi salute, also known as the Hitler salute (German: Hitlergruß, lit.'Hitler greeting', IPA: ( listen) also called by the Nazi Party deutscher Gruß, 'German greeting', IPA: ( listen)), or the Sieg Heil salute, is a gesture that was used as a greeting in Nazi Germany. If (slot) slot.addService(googletag.Members of the Hitler Youth in Berlin performing the Nazi salute at a rally in 1933 ![]() (function (a, d, o, r, i, c, u, p, w, m) Children 'sieg heil' during school play in UK, sparking outrage - The Jerusalem Post
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